WORLD CURRENT AFFIRS MAY
Labour Day: 1 May
May Day is also called Workers' Day or International Workers' Day is observed every year on 1 May.
• The day celebrates the struggle, dedication and commitment of the working class. • Labour Day has its origins in the labour union movement in the United States in the 19th century when the industrialists used to exploit the labour class and made them work up to 15 hours a day. • The theme of Labour Day 2019 is 'Uniting Workers for Social and Economic Advancement'.
Japan's new Emperor Naruhito ascends the throne
Japan's new emperor, Naruhito, has formally ascended the Chrysanthemum Throne, replacing his father, Akihito.
• Emperor Akihito abdicated thanking the people for their support over the last three decades and expressing hope for a peaceful future. • In a ceremony at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo, Naruhito became the 126th Emperor of Japan. • The emperor in Japan holds no political power but serves as a national symbol.
Benjamin Netanyahu sworn-in as Israel's PM
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was among the 120 newly-elected members who were sworn-into country's new Parliament.
• He was sworn in three weeks after his victory in the national election. • His Likud party won 35 seats in the election, the same as his main opponent from the centrist Blue and White alliance, led by former military chief Benny Gantz. • Support from smaller right-wing parties allied to Likud led to a majority of 65 parliament members supporting Benjamin Netanyahu.
UN designates Masood Azhar as a global terrorist
The United Nations designated Pakistan-based Jaishe-Mohammed chief Masood Azhar as a "global terrorist".
• The decision came after China lifted its hold on a proposal to blacklist him. • A "global terrorist" designation will subject Azhar to an assets freeze, travel ban and an arms embargo. • France, US and UK had moved a fresh proposal to declare Azhar as a global terrorist at the UN in the wake of the Pulwama terror attack. • Jaish-e-Mohammed had claimed responsibility for the attack. China had put a technical hold on the proposal, blocking it for the fourth time to designate Azhar.
World Press Freedom Day: 3 May
World Press Freedom Day is celebrated every year on 3 May.
• This day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in December 1993, following the recommendation of UNESCO's General Conference.
• The theme of World Press Freedom Day this year is ‘Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation’. • The 26th celebration of World Press Freedom Day is jointly organized by UNESCO, African Union Commission and the Government of Ethiopia. • The main event is being held at the African Union Headquarters at Addis Ababa.
The UK becomes the first parliament to declare a climate emergency
The UK is the first national government to declare an environmental and climate emergency.
• The decision marks a renewed sense of urgency in tackling climate change. • Eleven days of protests by the Extinction Rebellion activist group caused major disruptions in central London in recent weeks. • There is no single definition of what that means climate emergency but many local areas say they want to be carbon-neutral by 2030.
King Maha Vajiralongkorn crowned Rama of Thailand
Thailand has crowned its new King Maha Vajiralongkorn, marking the first ascension of a new monarch in seven decades.
• King Vajiralongkorn is the tenth monarch of the Chakri dynasty, which has reigned since 178
• The last coronation was held in 1950 for the king's father Bhumibol Adulyadej. • Thailand has been run by an arch-royalist junta since 201 The monarchy takes primacy in the country but it is buttressed by the army.
Points to remember
• Capital: Bangkok • Currency: Thai Baht
World Laughter Day: 5 May 2019
World Laughter Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May and this year it falls on May
• The first time this day was celebrated on May 10, 1998, by Madan Kataria in Mumbai. • This day is marked to spread laughter all around as it helps to cure many problems that could be emotional or physical. • Laughters is the best medicine and can cure anything.
First Japanese Commercial Rocket Launched, Reaches Orbit
A Japanese aerospace startup funded by a former internet maverick successfully launched a small rocket into space.
• It is the first commercially developed Japanese rocket to reach orbit. • Interstellar Technology Inc. said the unmanned MOMO-3 rocket exceeded 100 kilometres in altitude before falling into the Pacific Ocean • Founded in 2013 by Horie, former Livedoor Co. president, Interstellar Technology aims to develop low-cost commercial rockets to carry satellites to space.
World Asthma Day: 7 May 2019
World Asthma Day (WAD) is organized by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) towards increasing awareness about asthma and its management across the world.
• It is observed every year on the first Tuesday of May. • On this day activities are carried out throughout the world to motivate asthma patients to keep their asthma under control. • The theme for WAD 2019 is ‘STOP for Asthma’: where STOP stands for Symptom Evaluation, Test Response, Observe and Assess, and Proceed to Adjust Treatment.
India to attend G-7 meet in France
India will be attending the Group of 7 industrialised nations meet organised by France in Biarritz in August along with Australia, Chile and South Africa.
• The invitation to Australia, France and Chile besides India reflects the French emphasis on the Indian Ocean and the Pacific region. • The G-7 groups together the US, Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Japan and Germany.
World Red Cross Day: 8 May
Every year the 8th of May is celebrated as World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day.
• The day is celebrated as it marks the birth anniversary of Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross and International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. • World Red Cross Day commemorates the principles of “International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement”. • It is celebrated on May 8 to pay tribute to the people participated in the event as well as
remembering their contribution to helping people in need. • 2019 Theme: #love
Points to remember
• International Committee of the Red Cross Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
NASA to crash spacecraft into an asteroid in 2022
The US space agency NASA revealed its plan to hit a small moonlet target in a double asteroid system with a spacecraft in 202
• It is its first mission to demonstrate a planetary defence technique. • The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) will get one chance to hit its target. • The asteroid, called Didymoon or Didymos B, is a moon asteroid around 150 meters tall orbiting a larger body Didymos A.
India signs protocol for export of chilli meal to Chinese markets
India and China signed a protocol for the export of Indian chilli meal to China.
• This is the fourth protocol signed between the two nations over the past year allowing the export of farm commodities from India. • Chilli meal is the residue left after oil is extracted from chillies. • It is widely used as an industry input in manufacturing chilli sauce and other similar products. • India is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of chillies.
Ireland becomes the second country to declare a climate emergency
Ireland has declared a climate emergency in their country, to be the second country after Britain to do so.
• An amendment to a parliamentary report declaring a climate emergency and calling on parliament to examine how the Irish government can improve its response to the issue of biodiversity loss was accepted. • Britain's parliament became the first in the world to declare a climate emergency, passing the largely symbolic motion on May
The US approves dengue vaccine Dengvaxia
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first vaccine for dengue, Dengvaxia.
• FDA has also placed significant restrictions on its use because the vaccine has been shown to put some people at heightened risk. • It can be only given to the people aged 9 to 16 who live in areas where dengue is endemic and who are shown by lab testing already to have been infected with the disease. • The Philippines, which became the first country to approve it in 2016, was also the first to ban it in February this year over safety concerns. • Dengvaxia is produced by the French pharmaceutical firm Sanofi Pasteur.
UN to hold the 2020 ocean conference in Lisbon
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) decided to hold its 2020 high-level conference early June in Portugal's Lisbon.
• The conference aims to support t he sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources. • The UNGA decides that the theme of the conference shall be ‘scaling up ocean action based on science and innovation for the implementation of Goal 14: stocktaking, partnerships and solutions.’
International Day of Families: 15 May
The International Day of Families is observed on the 15th of May every year.
• The day aims to provide an opportunity to promote awareness of issues relating to families and to increase knowledge of the social, economic and demographic processes affecting them. • The day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 199 • IDF 2019 theme: ‘Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13’.
Mexico City declares environmental emergency and postpones football semi-final
Mexico City has declared an environmental emergency.
• It ordered vehicles off the road and postponing the semi-finals of the firstdivision football league as a blanket of smog enveloped in the capital. • A series of wildfires on the city's outskirts have combined with stagnant weather conditions to cloak the metropolitan area of more than 20 million people in a grey cloud.
• It had decided to postpone the first leg of the first-division semi-final between Leon and Mexico City club America.
China blocks all language editions of Wikipedia
China has broadened its block of online encyclopedia Wikipedia to include all language editions.
• According to a report by the Open Observatory of Network Interference (OONI) China has started blocking all language editions of Wikipedia last month. • Previously, most editions of Wikipedia besides the Chinese language version were available. • China's online censorship apparatus 'Great Firewall' blocks a large number of foreign sites in the country, such as Google, Facebook and The New York Times.
Trump unveils merit-based immigration system
US President Donald Trump has rolled out a meritbased immigration system.
• Foreigners, including hundreds and thousands of Indian professionals and skilled workers, waiting to get Green Cards or permanent legal residency will be benefited from this scheme. • President Trump said under the proposed system permanent legal residency would be given based on points for their age, knowledge, job opportunities and civic sense.
• The proposals significantly increase the quota for skilled workers from the existing nearly 12 per cent to 57 per cent. • Besides, immigrants will be required to learn English and pass a civics exam prior to admission.
Israel proposes India to be the focus country in Jerusalem Film Festival, 2020
Israel proposes India to be the focus country in Jerusalem Film Festival, 2020 at Cannes Film Festival.
• Indian delegation met Ms Eti Cohen, Director of Film Department and Council, Israel who announced the recommendation. • Israel also proposed the idea of making concept-based films in India, with a focus on regional and small budget films. • Also, India has been positioned prominently on the Pocket Guide of Marche Du Film, Cannes Film Market, which celebrates Indian cinema as the world’s largest film industry.
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day: 17th May
World Telecommunication & Information Society Day is observed all over the world on 17th May.
• The purpose of WTISD is to help raise awareness of the possibilities that the use of the Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICT) can bring to societies and economies, as well as of ways to bridge the digital divide. • The theme for World Telecommunication & Information Society Day 2019 is ‘Bridging the Standardization Gap’.
World Hypertension Day 2019: 17 May
World Hypertension Day is celebrated on May 17 every year.
• The main aim of the day is to educate the public and increase awareness of hypertension, which is also commonly known as high blood pressure. • Hypertension is a major cause of a range of health problems such as strokes, heart attacks and kidney disease, and can also contribute to dementia. • The theme for this year is 'Know Your Numbers'.
Saudi Arabia approves permanent residency for the first time
The Saudi government has approved for the first time a scheme that gives permanent residency to certain expatriates, allowing them to own real estate in the kingdom and reside with their families without a Saudi sponsor.
• The decision aimed at attracting long-term investments as the government tries to diversify the economy and boost domestic spending. • The "Privileged Iqama" system will offer a permanent residence scheme and one that can be renewed annually to highly skilled expatriates and owners of capital funds. • The decision will attract more investors and entrepreneurs to Saudi Arabia to help drive
private sector growth and expand employment opportunities for Saudis.
Saudi Arabia calls an emergency meeting of GCC in Makkah on May 30
Saudi Arabia has called the leaders of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states as well as the heads of state of Arab League to convene two emergency summits in Makkah on the 30th of this month.
• The emergency meetings called by Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud to look into the recent acts of sabotage against commercial vessels off the UAE waters and the terror attacks on two Saudi pumping stations, and their consequences on the region. • UAE and Bahrain have welcomed Saudi's call.
Points to Remember
• Gulf Cooperation Council HQ: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia • Arab League HQ: Cairo, Egypt
Australian PM Scott Morrison wins federal elections
In Australia, Prime Minister Scott Morrison's Liberal-National Coalition won the federal elections.
• Prime Minister Morrison has declared victory after his coalition defied opinion polls and secured a surprise win over the opposition Labor Party. • Opposition Labor Party leader Bill Shorten has announced that he is resigning after accepting defeat. • The final result of the elections is yet to be announced, however, with more than 70 per
cent of votes counted the Coalition is ahead in 74 seats in its quest for a 76-seat majority.
World Bee Day: 20 May 2019
United Nations General Assembly has declared 20 May as World Bee Day.
• Every year on May 20, World Bee Day is celebrated in order to bring the attention of the global public towards the significance of preserving bees as well as other pollinators. • The day marks the birth anniversary of Anton Janša, who in the 18th century pioneered modern beekeeping techniques in his native Slovenia and praised the bees for their ability to work so hard while needing so little attention. • Bees play a crucial role as pollinators to provide food, food security and nutrition, sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, climate change mitigation and a healthy environment.
India-Singapore Naval drill, SIMBEX begins in the South China Sea
The Navies of India and Singapore are participating in the annual maritime bilateral exercise SIMBEX in the South China Sea.
• The sea phase of the bilateral naval drill started and will continue till 22 May 201 • The various maritime combat exercises such as firing on aerial or surface targets, advanced aerial tracking, coordinated targeting exercises and tactical exercises on the surface or air scenarios are being conducted during the exercise.
• The Indian Naval ships INS Kolkata and INS Shakti are taking part in the bilateral naval exercise, along with long-range maritime patrol aircraft Poseidon-8I.
World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development: 21 May
On 21st May, the UAE celebrated World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development to highlight its efforts in promoting tolerance and cultural diversity.
• The event coincides with the country’s declaration of 2019 as the Year for Tolerance. • The day provides an opportunity to help communities understand the value of cultural diversity and learn how to live together in harmony.
CSIR-NPL introduce Redefined International System of Units
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and National Physical Laboratory, CSIR-NPL introduced redefined International System of Units for the country.
• The redefined systems are Kilogram, Kelvin, Mole and Ampere. • The new SI is being implemented worldwide from 20th May 2019 i.e. the World Metrology Day. • The purpose of a system of units is to enable world-wide coherence of measurements.
8th Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol Exercise
Myanmar Navy Ship UMS King TabinShweHtee (773) and UMS Inlay (OPV-54) have arrived Port Blair on 20 May for the ‘Opening Ceremony’ of the 8th Indo-Myanmar coordinated patrol (IMCOR), at Andaman and Nicobar Command.
• The CORPAT initiative between the two navies is meant to address issues of terrorism, illegal fishing, drug trafficking, human trafficking, poaching and other illegal
activities inimical to the interest of both nations. • Started in Mar 2013, the CORPAT series has enhanced the mutual understanding and fostered improved professional interaction between the two navies. • The ships would patrol along the International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) between the two countries covering a distance of approximately 725 Kms over a period of four days.
International Day for Biological Diversity: 22 May
According to the United Nations, May 22 is celebrated as the International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.
• In December 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted 22 May as IDB, to commemorate the adoption of the text of the Convention on 22 May 199 • 2019 Theme: Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health
Facebook Registers New Fintech Firm in Switzerland
Facebook has set up a new financial technology company in Switzerland focusing on blockchain and payments as well as data analytics and investing.
• Libra Networks, with Facebook Global Holdings as a stakeholder, was registered in Geneva on May
UAE launches 'Golden Card' scheme
The United Arab Emirates launched a permanent residency scheme to woo wealthy individuals and exceptional talents.
• The "Golden Card" programme is open to investors and "exceptional talents" such as doctors, engineers, scientists, students and artists. • This move is expected to attract more Indian professionals and businessmen to the Gulf nation. • The first group of 6,800 investors from over 70 countries with investments totalling 100 billion dirhams (USD 27 billion) were being given permanent residency.
Cyril Ramaphosa re-elected as president of South Africa
South African lawmakers have re-elected Cyril Ramaphosa as the president of the country.
• Members of Parliament from the African National Congress have chosen the head of state in the parliament's first post-election sitting. • The party won 230 out of 400 seats in the election on May • The African National Congress party won the ballot with 55 per cent of the vote, its thinnest majority since the end of apartheid.
Points to remember
• Capitals: Cape Town, Pretoria, Bloemfontein • Currency: South African Rand
International Commonwealth Day: 24 May
On 24th May 2019, people in Commonwealth countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Americas, the Pacific and Europe observe Commonwealth Day.
• The 53 members of the Commonwealth span the entire globe. • It is observed in countries that were once part of the British Empire. • The Theme of this year's Commonwealth Day is "A Connected Commonwealth".
Points to Remember
• Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and Australia are the oldest-standing members of the Commonwealth; they all joined in 193 • Canada is the largest member at nearly 10 million sq.km. • India is the most populous member with over one billion inhabitants while Nauru is the smallest member, with a mere 13,000 people.
WHO declares Algeria, Argentina malaria-free
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Algeria and Argentina as malaria-free, with no recorded cases of indigenous transmission of the disease since 2013 and 2010 respectively.
• Contracted through the bite of an infected mosquito, malaria remains one of the world’s leading killers. • Algeria is the second country in the WHO African Region to be officially recognized as
malaria-free, after Mauritius, which was certified in 197 • Argentina is the second country in the WHO Region of the Americas to be certified after Paraguay in June 201
Points to Remember
• Algeria Capital: Algiers • Argentina Capital: Buenos Aires
India stopped importing oil from Iran after US waivers expired
India has stopped importing oil from Iran after American waivers granted to eight buyers expired early this month.
• India depends heavily on West Asia for its energy needs and is against any further escalation of tension in the region. • India has joined Greece, Italy, Taiwan and Turkey to become the latest country to comply with the US sanctions on Tehran over its nuclear programme. • The US reimposed sanctions on Iran in November after pulling out of a 2015 nuclear accord between Tehran and six world powers. • To reduce Iran's crude oil export to zero, the US on the 2nd of this month ended the waivers that had allowed the top buyers of Iranian oil, including India, to continue their imports for six months.
Africa Day: 25 May
25 May is observed as Africa Day every year.
• It commemorates the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) on 25 May 1963, which is now known as the African Union. • May 25, 2019, will mark 56 years since Africa Day was conceived in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Points to remember
• African Union HQ: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia • Members: 55
British PM Theresa May announces the resignation
British Prime Minister, Theresa May announced that she is quitting as UK Conservative leader on June 7 in the best interests of the country.
• She is paving the way for a contest to decide the new Prime Minister after she failed to win over her ministers with a revised strategy to withdraw Britain from the European Union. • She had kept Queen Elizabeth II informed of her exit timetable, meaning she would be presiding over US President Donald Trump's state visit to the UK in early June.
NASA unveils schedule for 'Artemis' 2024 Moon mission
NASA unveiled the calendar for the "Artemis" program that will return astronauts to the Moon for the first time in half a century.
• It also includes eight scheduled launches and a mini-station in lunar orbit by 202 • The original lunar missions were named for Apollo - Artemis was his twin sister in Greek mythology, and the goddess of hunting, wilderness and the Moon. • Artemis 1: It is planned for 2020. It will be an uncrewed flight test mission around Moon. • The mission will last up to Artemis 3 that will put astronauts on lunar soil in 2024, including the first woman.
Trump becomes the first foreign leader to meet new Japanese emperor
US President Donald Trump got the red carpet treatment at Japan's Imperial Palace where he made history, becoming the first world leader to meet with the new emperor of Japan.
• Emperor Naruhito ascended to the throne on May 1, opening what is called the era of "Reiwa," or "beautiful harmony." • The US President is on a four-day state visit to Japan.
Papua New Guinea Prime Minister Peter O'Neill resigns
Papua New Guinea Prime Minister Peter O'Neill resigned from his post after weeks of unrest
• The announcement came after high-profile defections from his Government to the opposition. • O'Neill has handed over leadership to Sir Julius Chan, who will become prime minister for the third time. • Earlier this month, Mr O'Neill staved off an attack on his leadership by adjourning the country's Parliament for three weeks ahead of a planned vote of no confidence in him.
Points to Remeber
• Capital: Port Moresby • Currency: Papua New Guinean kina
International Day of UN Peacekeepers observed
The International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers was observed on 29 May 201
• The objective is to pay tribute to the invaluable contribution by the uniformed and civilian personnel and to honour more than 3,800 peacekeepers who have lost their lives while rendering peacekeeping services. • The theme this year is “Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace”.
International Everest Day: 29th May
International Everest Day was observed on 29 May.
• Nepalese Tenzing Norgay and New Zealand's Edmund Hillary had climbed the Mt Everest on this day in 1953, as the first humans to achieve the feat. • Nepal decided to observe the day as International Everest Day since 2008 when the legendary climber Hillary passed away. • The day is celebrated with memorial events, processions, and special events in Kathmandu and the Everest region.
The US removes India, Switzerland from its currency monitoring list
The Trump administration removed India from its currency monitoring list of major trading partners, citing certain developments and steps being taken by New Delhi addressing some of its major concerns.
• Switzerland is the other nation that has been removed from the list. • However, the list includes China, Japan, South Korea, Germany, Italy, Ireland,
Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam among others.
Saudi Arabia lifts the export ban on fruits and vegetable from Kerala
Kerala's fruits and vegetable exporters have heaved a sigh of relief following the lifting of the export ban by Saudi Arabia after the Nipah virus attack last year.
• Kerala has received a communication in this regard from the Saudi Arabian authorities that has led to the commencement of direct exports from the state. • With the lifting of the embargo, Kozhikode airport was alone handling 20 tonnes of fruits and vegetables per day valued at $50,000 to various destinations in Saudi. • A similar proportion has also been moving from the other two airports of Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram to Dammam, Riyadh and Jeddah airports.
World No-Tobacco Day: 31st May Every year, on 31 May, the World Health Organization (WHO) and global partners celebrate World No Tobacco Day (WNTD). • The annual campaign is an opportunity to raise awareness on the harmful and deadly effects of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure, and to discourage the use of tobacco in any form. • The focus of World No Tobacco Day 2019 is on "tobacco and lung health." 2. Trump announces tariffs on all Mexico goods US President Donald Trump has announced tariffs on all goods coming from Mexico in a bid to curb illegal immigration. • From 10 June a five per cent tariff would be imposed and slowly raised until the Illegal Immigration problem is remedied. • President Trump has declared a national emergency to tackle what he claims is a crisis at the US southern border. 3. Nigeria's Muhammadu Buhari sworn in for the second term as president
Muhammadu Buhari has been sworn in for a second term as Nigeria's president. • The 76-year-old leader was sworn in amid tight security in the Nigerian capital Abuja. • He did not make a speech during the low profile event attended by members of the diplomatic community. • Buhari, a former military ruler, won 56 per cent of the votes to defeat his main challenger, former Vice President Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP).
India will have Defence Cyber Agency soon
In a bid to bolster its capabilities to tackle threats emanating from hackers, mostly from China and Pakistan, India is all set to have Defence Cyber Agency (DCA).
• Senior Navy officer Rear Admiral Mohit Gupta will be the first head of the DCA. • The DCA will include a lot of existing capability with the armed forces for tackling
threats in the cyber domain and will also have the elements of DRDO working in it.
Gujarat and Maharashtra celebrate their foundation day
Gujarat and Maharashtra Day is annually celebrated on May 1 to mark region attaining statehood on May 1, 1960.
• Gujarat is also known as the 'Jewel of Western India'. • Gujarat was formed along with Maharashtra after it was divided from Bombay state. • However, there is no official celebration this year due to the model code of conduct.
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May Day is also called Workers' Day or International Workers' Day is observed every year on 1 May.
• The day celebrates the struggle, dedication and commitment of the working class. • Labour Day has its origins in the labour union movement in the United States in the 19th century when the industrialists used to exploit the labour class and made them work up to 15 hours a day. • The theme of Labour Day 2019 is 'Uniting Workers for Social and Economic Advancement'.
Japan's new Emperor Naruhito ascends the throne
Japan's new emperor, Naruhito, has formally ascended the Chrysanthemum Throne, replacing his father, Akihito.
• Emperor Akihito abdicated thanking the people for their support over the last three decades and expressing hope for a peaceful future. • In a ceremony at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo, Naruhito became the 126th Emperor of Japan. • The emperor in Japan holds no political power but serves as a national symbol.
Benjamin Netanyahu sworn-in as Israel's PM
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was among the 120 newly-elected members who were sworn-into country's new Parliament.
• He was sworn in three weeks after his victory in the national election. • His Likud party won 35 seats in the election, the same as his main opponent from the centrist Blue and White alliance, led by former military chief Benny Gantz. • Support from smaller right-wing parties allied to Likud led to a majority of 65 parliament members supporting Benjamin Netanyahu.
UN designates Masood Azhar as a global terrorist
The United Nations designated Pakistan-based Jaishe-Mohammed chief Masood Azhar as a "global terrorist".
• The decision came after China lifted its hold on a proposal to blacklist him. • A "global terrorist" designation will subject Azhar to an assets freeze, travel ban and an arms embargo. • France, US and UK had moved a fresh proposal to declare Azhar as a global terrorist at the UN in the wake of the Pulwama terror attack. • Jaish-e-Mohammed had claimed responsibility for the attack. China had put a technical hold on the proposal, blocking it for the fourth time to designate Azhar.
World Press Freedom Day: 3 May
World Press Freedom Day is celebrated every year on 3 May.
• This day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in December 1993, following the recommendation of UNESCO's General Conference.
• The theme of World Press Freedom Day this year is ‘Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation’. • The 26th celebration of World Press Freedom Day is jointly organized by UNESCO, African Union Commission and the Government of Ethiopia. • The main event is being held at the African Union Headquarters at Addis Ababa.
The UK becomes the first parliament to declare a climate emergency
The UK is the first national government to declare an environmental and climate emergency.
• The decision marks a renewed sense of urgency in tackling climate change. • Eleven days of protests by the Extinction Rebellion activist group caused major disruptions in central London in recent weeks. • There is no single definition of what that means climate emergency but many local areas say they want to be carbon-neutral by 2030.
King Maha Vajiralongkorn crowned Rama of Thailand
Thailand has crowned its new King Maha Vajiralongkorn, marking the first ascension of a new monarch in seven decades.
• King Vajiralongkorn is the tenth monarch of the Chakri dynasty, which has reigned since 178
• The last coronation was held in 1950 for the king's father Bhumibol Adulyadej. • Thailand has been run by an arch-royalist junta since 201 The monarchy takes primacy in the country but it is buttressed by the army.
Points to remember
• Capital: Bangkok • Currency: Thai Baht
World Laughter Day: 5 May 2019
World Laughter Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May and this year it falls on May
• The first time this day was celebrated on May 10, 1998, by Madan Kataria in Mumbai. • This day is marked to spread laughter all around as it helps to cure many problems that could be emotional or physical. • Laughters is the best medicine and can cure anything.
First Japanese Commercial Rocket Launched, Reaches Orbit
A Japanese aerospace startup funded by a former internet maverick successfully launched a small rocket into space.
• It is the first commercially developed Japanese rocket to reach orbit. • Interstellar Technology Inc. said the unmanned MOMO-3 rocket exceeded 100 kilometres in altitude before falling into the Pacific Ocean • Founded in 2013 by Horie, former Livedoor Co. president, Interstellar Technology aims to develop low-cost commercial rockets to carry satellites to space.
World Asthma Day: 7 May 2019
World Asthma Day (WAD) is organized by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) towards increasing awareness about asthma and its management across the world.
• It is observed every year on the first Tuesday of May. • On this day activities are carried out throughout the world to motivate asthma patients to keep their asthma under control. • The theme for WAD 2019 is ‘STOP for Asthma’: where STOP stands for Symptom Evaluation, Test Response, Observe and Assess, and Proceed to Adjust Treatment.
India to attend G-7 meet in France
India will be attending the Group of 7 industrialised nations meet organised by France in Biarritz in August along with Australia, Chile and South Africa.
• The invitation to Australia, France and Chile besides India reflects the French emphasis on the Indian Ocean and the Pacific region. • The G-7 groups together the US, Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Japan and Germany.
World Red Cross Day: 8 May
Every year the 8th of May is celebrated as World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day.
• The day is celebrated as it marks the birth anniversary of Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross and International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. • World Red Cross Day commemorates the principles of “International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement”. • It is celebrated on May 8 to pay tribute to the people participated in the event as well as
remembering their contribution to helping people in need. • 2019 Theme: #love
Points to remember
• International Committee of the Red Cross Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
NASA to crash spacecraft into an asteroid in 2022
The US space agency NASA revealed its plan to hit a small moonlet target in a double asteroid system with a spacecraft in 202
• It is its first mission to demonstrate a planetary defence technique. • The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) will get one chance to hit its target. • The asteroid, called Didymoon or Didymos B, is a moon asteroid around 150 meters tall orbiting a larger body Didymos A.
India signs protocol for export of chilli meal to Chinese markets
India and China signed a protocol for the export of Indian chilli meal to China.
• This is the fourth protocol signed between the two nations over the past year allowing the export of farm commodities from India. • Chilli meal is the residue left after oil is extracted from chillies. • It is widely used as an industry input in manufacturing chilli sauce and other similar products. • India is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of chillies.
Ireland becomes the second country to declare a climate emergency
Ireland has declared a climate emergency in their country, to be the second country after Britain to do so.
• An amendment to a parliamentary report declaring a climate emergency and calling on parliament to examine how the Irish government can improve its response to the issue of biodiversity loss was accepted. • Britain's parliament became the first in the world to declare a climate emergency, passing the largely symbolic motion on May
The US approves dengue vaccine Dengvaxia
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first vaccine for dengue, Dengvaxia.
• FDA has also placed significant restrictions on its use because the vaccine has been shown to put some people at heightened risk. • It can be only given to the people aged 9 to 16 who live in areas where dengue is endemic and who are shown by lab testing already to have been infected with the disease. • The Philippines, which became the first country to approve it in 2016, was also the first to ban it in February this year over safety concerns. • Dengvaxia is produced by the French pharmaceutical firm Sanofi Pasteur.
UN to hold the 2020 ocean conference in Lisbon
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) decided to hold its 2020 high-level conference early June in Portugal's Lisbon.
• The conference aims to support t he sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources. • The UNGA decides that the theme of the conference shall be ‘scaling up ocean action based on science and innovation for the implementation of Goal 14: stocktaking, partnerships and solutions.’
International Day of Families: 15 May
The International Day of Families is observed on the 15th of May every year.
• The day aims to provide an opportunity to promote awareness of issues relating to families and to increase knowledge of the social, economic and demographic processes affecting them. • The day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 199 • IDF 2019 theme: ‘Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13’.
Mexico City declares environmental emergency and postpones football semi-final
Mexico City has declared an environmental emergency.
• It ordered vehicles off the road and postponing the semi-finals of the firstdivision football league as a blanket of smog enveloped in the capital. • A series of wildfires on the city's outskirts have combined with stagnant weather conditions to cloak the metropolitan area of more than 20 million people in a grey cloud.
• It had decided to postpone the first leg of the first-division semi-final between Leon and Mexico City club America.
China blocks all language editions of Wikipedia
China has broadened its block of online encyclopedia Wikipedia to include all language editions.
• According to a report by the Open Observatory of Network Interference (OONI) China has started blocking all language editions of Wikipedia last month. • Previously, most editions of Wikipedia besides the Chinese language version were available. • China's online censorship apparatus 'Great Firewall' blocks a large number of foreign sites in the country, such as Google, Facebook and The New York Times.
Trump unveils merit-based immigration system
US President Donald Trump has rolled out a meritbased immigration system.
• Foreigners, including hundreds and thousands of Indian professionals and skilled workers, waiting to get Green Cards or permanent legal residency will be benefited from this scheme. • President Trump said under the proposed system permanent legal residency would be given based on points for their age, knowledge, job opportunities and civic sense.
• The proposals significantly increase the quota for skilled workers from the existing nearly 12 per cent to 57 per cent. • Besides, immigrants will be required to learn English and pass a civics exam prior to admission.
Israel proposes India to be the focus country in Jerusalem Film Festival, 2020
Israel proposes India to be the focus country in Jerusalem Film Festival, 2020 at Cannes Film Festival.
• Indian delegation met Ms Eti Cohen, Director of Film Department and Council, Israel who announced the recommendation. • Israel also proposed the idea of making concept-based films in India, with a focus on regional and small budget films. • Also, India has been positioned prominently on the Pocket Guide of Marche Du Film, Cannes Film Market, which celebrates Indian cinema as the world’s largest film industry.
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day: 17th May
World Telecommunication & Information Society Day is observed all over the world on 17th May.
• The purpose of WTISD is to help raise awareness of the possibilities that the use of the Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICT) can bring to societies and economies, as well as of ways to bridge the digital divide. • The theme for World Telecommunication & Information Society Day 2019 is ‘Bridging the Standardization Gap’.
World Hypertension Day 2019: 17 May
World Hypertension Day is celebrated on May 17 every year.
• The main aim of the day is to educate the public and increase awareness of hypertension, which is also commonly known as high blood pressure. • Hypertension is a major cause of a range of health problems such as strokes, heart attacks and kidney disease, and can also contribute to dementia. • The theme for this year is 'Know Your Numbers'.
Saudi Arabia approves permanent residency for the first time
The Saudi government has approved for the first time a scheme that gives permanent residency to certain expatriates, allowing them to own real estate in the kingdom and reside with their families without a Saudi sponsor.
• The decision aimed at attracting long-term investments as the government tries to diversify the economy and boost domestic spending. • The "Privileged Iqama" system will offer a permanent residence scheme and one that can be renewed annually to highly skilled expatriates and owners of capital funds. • The decision will attract more investors and entrepreneurs to Saudi Arabia to help drive
private sector growth and expand employment opportunities for Saudis.
Saudi Arabia calls an emergency meeting of GCC in Makkah on May 30
Saudi Arabia has called the leaders of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states as well as the heads of state of Arab League to convene two emergency summits in Makkah on the 30th of this month.
• The emergency meetings called by Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud to look into the recent acts of sabotage against commercial vessels off the UAE waters and the terror attacks on two Saudi pumping stations, and their consequences on the region. • UAE and Bahrain have welcomed Saudi's call.
Points to Remember
• Gulf Cooperation Council HQ: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia • Arab League HQ: Cairo, Egypt
Australian PM Scott Morrison wins federal elections
In Australia, Prime Minister Scott Morrison's Liberal-National Coalition won the federal elections.
• Prime Minister Morrison has declared victory after his coalition defied opinion polls and secured a surprise win over the opposition Labor Party. • Opposition Labor Party leader Bill Shorten has announced that he is resigning after accepting defeat. • The final result of the elections is yet to be announced, however, with more than 70 per
cent of votes counted the Coalition is ahead in 74 seats in its quest for a 76-seat majority.
World Bee Day: 20 May 2019
United Nations General Assembly has declared 20 May as World Bee Day.
• Every year on May 20, World Bee Day is celebrated in order to bring the attention of the global public towards the significance of preserving bees as well as other pollinators. • The day marks the birth anniversary of Anton Janša, who in the 18th century pioneered modern beekeeping techniques in his native Slovenia and praised the bees for their ability to work so hard while needing so little attention. • Bees play a crucial role as pollinators to provide food, food security and nutrition, sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, climate change mitigation and a healthy environment.
India-Singapore Naval drill, SIMBEX begins in the South China Sea
The Navies of India and Singapore are participating in the annual maritime bilateral exercise SIMBEX in the South China Sea.
• The sea phase of the bilateral naval drill started and will continue till 22 May 201 • The various maritime combat exercises such as firing on aerial or surface targets, advanced aerial tracking, coordinated targeting exercises and tactical exercises on the surface or air scenarios are being conducted during the exercise.
• The Indian Naval ships INS Kolkata and INS Shakti are taking part in the bilateral naval exercise, along with long-range maritime patrol aircraft Poseidon-8I.
World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development: 21 May
On 21st May, the UAE celebrated World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development to highlight its efforts in promoting tolerance and cultural diversity.
• The event coincides with the country’s declaration of 2019 as the Year for Tolerance. • The day provides an opportunity to help communities understand the value of cultural diversity and learn how to live together in harmony.
CSIR-NPL introduce Redefined International System of Units
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and National Physical Laboratory, CSIR-NPL introduced redefined International System of Units for the country.
• The redefined systems are Kilogram, Kelvin, Mole and Ampere. • The new SI is being implemented worldwide from 20th May 2019 i.e. the World Metrology Day. • The purpose of a system of units is to enable world-wide coherence of measurements.
8th Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol Exercise
Myanmar Navy Ship UMS King TabinShweHtee (773) and UMS Inlay (OPV-54) have arrived Port Blair on 20 May for the ‘Opening Ceremony’ of the 8th Indo-Myanmar coordinated patrol (IMCOR), at Andaman and Nicobar Command.
• The CORPAT initiative between the two navies is meant to address issues of terrorism, illegal fishing, drug trafficking, human trafficking, poaching and other illegal
activities inimical to the interest of both nations. • Started in Mar 2013, the CORPAT series has enhanced the mutual understanding and fostered improved professional interaction between the two navies. • The ships would patrol along the International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) between the two countries covering a distance of approximately 725 Kms over a period of four days.
International Day for Biological Diversity: 22 May
According to the United Nations, May 22 is celebrated as the International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.
• In December 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted 22 May as IDB, to commemorate the adoption of the text of the Convention on 22 May 199 • 2019 Theme: Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health
Facebook Registers New Fintech Firm in Switzerland
Facebook has set up a new financial technology company in Switzerland focusing on blockchain and payments as well as data analytics and investing.
• Libra Networks, with Facebook Global Holdings as a stakeholder, was registered in Geneva on May
UAE launches 'Golden Card' scheme
The United Arab Emirates launched a permanent residency scheme to woo wealthy individuals and exceptional talents.
• The "Golden Card" programme is open to investors and "exceptional talents" such as doctors, engineers, scientists, students and artists. • This move is expected to attract more Indian professionals and businessmen to the Gulf nation. • The first group of 6,800 investors from over 70 countries with investments totalling 100 billion dirhams (USD 27 billion) were being given permanent residency.
Cyril Ramaphosa re-elected as president of South Africa
South African lawmakers have re-elected Cyril Ramaphosa as the president of the country.
• Members of Parliament from the African National Congress have chosen the head of state in the parliament's first post-election sitting. • The party won 230 out of 400 seats in the election on May • The African National Congress party won the ballot with 55 per cent of the vote, its thinnest majority since the end of apartheid.
Points to remember
• Capitals: Cape Town, Pretoria, Bloemfontein • Currency: South African Rand
International Commonwealth Day: 24 May
On 24th May 2019, people in Commonwealth countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Americas, the Pacific and Europe observe Commonwealth Day.
• The 53 members of the Commonwealth span the entire globe. • It is observed in countries that were once part of the British Empire. • The Theme of this year's Commonwealth Day is "A Connected Commonwealth".
Points to Remember
• Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and Australia are the oldest-standing members of the Commonwealth; they all joined in 193 • Canada is the largest member at nearly 10 million sq.km. • India is the most populous member with over one billion inhabitants while Nauru is the smallest member, with a mere 13,000 people.
WHO declares Algeria, Argentina malaria-free
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Algeria and Argentina as malaria-free, with no recorded cases of indigenous transmission of the disease since 2013 and 2010 respectively.
• Contracted through the bite of an infected mosquito, malaria remains one of the world’s leading killers. • Algeria is the second country in the WHO African Region to be officially recognized as
malaria-free, after Mauritius, which was certified in 197 • Argentina is the second country in the WHO Region of the Americas to be certified after Paraguay in June 201
Points to Remember
• Algeria Capital: Algiers • Argentina Capital: Buenos Aires
India stopped importing oil from Iran after US waivers expired
India has stopped importing oil from Iran after American waivers granted to eight buyers expired early this month.
• India depends heavily on West Asia for its energy needs and is against any further escalation of tension in the region. • India has joined Greece, Italy, Taiwan and Turkey to become the latest country to comply with the US sanctions on Tehran over its nuclear programme. • The US reimposed sanctions on Iran in November after pulling out of a 2015 nuclear accord between Tehran and six world powers. • To reduce Iran's crude oil export to zero, the US on the 2nd of this month ended the waivers that had allowed the top buyers of Iranian oil, including India, to continue their imports for six months.
Africa Day: 25 May
25 May is observed as Africa Day every year.
• It commemorates the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) on 25 May 1963, which is now known as the African Union. • May 25, 2019, will mark 56 years since Africa Day was conceived in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Points to remember
• African Union HQ: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia • Members: 55
British PM Theresa May announces the resignation
British Prime Minister, Theresa May announced that she is quitting as UK Conservative leader on June 7 in the best interests of the country.
• She is paving the way for a contest to decide the new Prime Minister after she failed to win over her ministers with a revised strategy to withdraw Britain from the European Union. • She had kept Queen Elizabeth II informed of her exit timetable, meaning she would be presiding over US President Donald Trump's state visit to the UK in early June.
NASA unveils schedule for 'Artemis' 2024 Moon mission
NASA unveiled the calendar for the "Artemis" program that will return astronauts to the Moon for the first time in half a century.
• It also includes eight scheduled launches and a mini-station in lunar orbit by 202 • The original lunar missions were named for Apollo - Artemis was his twin sister in Greek mythology, and the goddess of hunting, wilderness and the Moon. • Artemis 1: It is planned for 2020. It will be an uncrewed flight test mission around Moon. • The mission will last up to Artemis 3 that will put astronauts on lunar soil in 2024, including the first woman.
Trump becomes the first foreign leader to meet new Japanese emperor
US President Donald Trump got the red carpet treatment at Japan's Imperial Palace where he made history, becoming the first world leader to meet with the new emperor of Japan.
• Emperor Naruhito ascended to the throne on May 1, opening what is called the era of "Reiwa," or "beautiful harmony." • The US President is on a four-day state visit to Japan.
Papua New Guinea Prime Minister Peter O'Neill resigns
Papua New Guinea Prime Minister Peter O'Neill resigned from his post after weeks of unrest
• The announcement came after high-profile defections from his Government to the opposition. • O'Neill has handed over leadership to Sir Julius Chan, who will become prime minister for the third time. • Earlier this month, Mr O'Neill staved off an attack on his leadership by adjourning the country's Parliament for three weeks ahead of a planned vote of no confidence in him.
Points to Remeber
• Capital: Port Moresby • Currency: Papua New Guinean kina
International Day of UN Peacekeepers observed
The International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers was observed on 29 May 201
• The objective is to pay tribute to the invaluable contribution by the uniformed and civilian personnel and to honour more than 3,800 peacekeepers who have lost their lives while rendering peacekeeping services. • The theme this year is “Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace”.
International Everest Day: 29th May
International Everest Day was observed on 29 May.
• Nepalese Tenzing Norgay and New Zealand's Edmund Hillary had climbed the Mt Everest on this day in 1953, as the first humans to achieve the feat. • Nepal decided to observe the day as International Everest Day since 2008 when the legendary climber Hillary passed away. • The day is celebrated with memorial events, processions, and special events in Kathmandu and the Everest region.
The US removes India, Switzerland from its currency monitoring list
The Trump administration removed India from its currency monitoring list of major trading partners, citing certain developments and steps being taken by New Delhi addressing some of its major concerns.
• Switzerland is the other nation that has been removed from the list. • However, the list includes China, Japan, South Korea, Germany, Italy, Ireland,
Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam among others.
Saudi Arabia lifts the export ban on fruits and vegetable from Kerala
Kerala's fruits and vegetable exporters have heaved a sigh of relief following the lifting of the export ban by Saudi Arabia after the Nipah virus attack last year.
• Kerala has received a communication in this regard from the Saudi Arabian authorities that has led to the commencement of direct exports from the state. • With the lifting of the embargo, Kozhikode airport was alone handling 20 tonnes of fruits and vegetables per day valued at $50,000 to various destinations in Saudi. • A similar proportion has also been moving from the other two airports of Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram to Dammam, Riyadh and Jeddah airports.
World No-Tobacco Day: 31st May Every year, on 31 May, the World Health Organization (WHO) and global partners celebrate World No Tobacco Day (WNTD). • The annual campaign is an opportunity to raise awareness on the harmful and deadly effects of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure, and to discourage the use of tobacco in any form. • The focus of World No Tobacco Day 2019 is on "tobacco and lung health." 2. Trump announces tariffs on all Mexico goods US President Donald Trump has announced tariffs on all goods coming from Mexico in a bid to curb illegal immigration. • From 10 June a five per cent tariff would be imposed and slowly raised until the Illegal Immigration problem is remedied. • President Trump has declared a national emergency to tackle what he claims is a crisis at the US southern border. 3. Nigeria's Muhammadu Buhari sworn in for the second term as president
Muhammadu Buhari has been sworn in for a second term as Nigeria's president. • The 76-year-old leader was sworn in amid tight security in the Nigerian capital Abuja. • He did not make a speech during the low profile event attended by members of the diplomatic community. • Buhari, a former military ruler, won 56 per cent of the votes to defeat his main challenger, former Vice President Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP).
India will have Defence Cyber Agency soon
In a bid to bolster its capabilities to tackle threats emanating from hackers, mostly from China and Pakistan, India is all set to have Defence Cyber Agency (DCA).
• Senior Navy officer Rear Admiral Mohit Gupta will be the first head of the DCA. • The DCA will include a lot of existing capability with the armed forces for tackling
threats in the cyber domain and will also have the elements of DRDO working in it.
Gujarat and Maharashtra celebrate their foundation day
Gujarat and Maharashtra Day is annually celebrated on May 1 to mark region attaining statehood on May 1, 1960.
• Gujarat is also known as the 'Jewel of Western India'. • Gujarat was formed along with Maharashtra after it was divided from Bombay state. • However, there is no official celebration this year due to the model code of conduct.
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